Know How To Become An Astronaut: Everything About Requirements, Salary, Scope, & Much More!

Do stars, sun, and moon excite you? Have you wondered how we have life on Earth but not on other planets? Are you dreaming of soaring among the stars, exploring the cosmos, and experiencing the awe-inspiring beauty of space? Do you want to become an astronaut? Or want to know how to become an astronaut? Or want to know what to study to become an astronaut? Or maybe wondering what qualifications & requirements one needs to meet to become an astronaut. Don’t worry we will answer everything!

Becoming an astronaut is a monumental ambition, but with determination, dedication, and the right approach, it’s within your reach. It won’t be wrong to say that astronomy is considered one of the highly competitive fields. When Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon in 1969, it ignited a generation’s fascination with space, inspiring dreams of becoming astronauts. While the allure of YouTube stardom has risen in recent years, the dream of space exploration still captivates many young minds.

Becoming an astronaut is no easy feat, with NASA being the primary employer for such a career. Presently, NASA employs a modest 48 active astronauts, and fewer than 600 individuals have experienced space travel in the last half-century. Despite the challenges, for those with unwavering determination and the dream of embarking on extraordinary adventures, the possibility of joining the ranks of these real-life pioneers remains attainable. The spirit of exploration, kindled by Armstrong’s historic steps, continues to inspire a new generation to reach for the stars.

So, are you ready to become an astronaut? Shall we begin, come along…

Who is an Astronaut?

An astronaut is a highly trained and skilled professional who undergoes rigorous preparation to travel and work in outer space. Typically associated with space agencies like NASA, astronauts are responsible for conducting scientific research, performing experiments, and maintaining spacecraft systems during space missions. The term “astronaut” is commonly used in the United States, while other countries may use terms like “cosmonaut” (Russia) or “taikonaut” (China) for their space travelers.

Astronauts come from diverse educational backgrounds, often possessing degrees in engineering, physical sciences, mathematics, or related fields. Physical fitness, adaptability, and the ability to work in confined spaces and challenging environments are crucial attributes for astronauts. The selection process is highly competitive, with candidates undergoing extensive training in areas such as spacewalks, robotics, and survival skills to ensure their readiness for the physical and psychological demands of space exploration.

What does an Astronaut do?

Astronauts are highly trained professionals responsible for various tasks related to space exploration and scientific research. Their roles encompass a wide range of activities, combining technical expertise, physical endurance, and adaptability to the challenges of space. Here’s an overview of what astronauts do:

• Piloting and navigating spacecraft during launch, orbit, and re-entry.
• Conducting scientific experiments in microgravity to study various phenomena.
• Performing tasks outside the spacecraft or space station.
• Repairing and maintaining spacecraft systems and equipment.
• Maintaining physical health through exercise routines to counteract the effects of microgravity.
• Continuous training in diverse skills such as robotics, survival, and emergency procedures.
• Interacting with mission control and fellow crew members.
• Contributing to scientific studies on the effects of space travel on the human body.

Astronauts play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of space and expanding the capabilities of human space exploration.

What is Astronomy?

Astronomy is the scientific study of celestial objects such as stars, planets, galaxies, and the broader universe. It encompasses the observation and analysis of celestial phenomena, including their positions, motions, compositions, and behavior. Astronomers utilize various tools, including telescopes and space probes, to gather data and deepen our understanding of the cosmos. This field explores the vastness of space, seeking to unravel the mysteries of the universe and comprehend its origins, evolution, and fundamental principles.

Astronomy Vs Astronaut: The Difference

Wondering what’s the difference between astronomy and astronaut? Don’t worry you’re not alone… Below is the table highlighting key differences between astronomy and astronauts:

Aspect	Astronomy	Astronaut
Definition	Study of celestial objects and phenomena in the universe.	A trained professional who travels and works in space.
Focus	Observational and theoretical exploration of the cosmos.	Physical involvement in space missions, conducting experiments and research.
Activities	Observing stars, galaxies, and cosmic phenomena. Researching celestial bodies.	Piloting spacecraft, performing spacewalks, and conducting experiments in space.
Training	Education in astronomy, astrophysics, or related fields.	Rigorous training in various skills, including spacewalks, robotics, and survival.
Work Environment	Typically involves telescopes, observatories, and research institutions.	Primarily operates in spacecraft and space stations, occasionally conducting extravehicular activities (spacewalks).

Do you want to know the…

List of Famous Astronauts in India

Here are some notable Indian astronauts:

Sirisha Bandla

Sirisha Bandla, the Vice President of Government Affairs and Research Operations for Virgin Galactic, stands as a trailblazer in the field of space exploration. Hailing from the Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh, she became the second India-born woman to venture into space, marking a historic achievement during the Virgin Galactic Unity 22 mission.

Raja Chari

Raja Jon Vurputoor Chari, a distinguished test pilot and NASA astronaut, exemplifies the spirit of exploration. Born to Indian parents in Wisconsin, Chari’s journey from the United States Air Force Academy to commanding the SpaceX Crew-3 mission showcases his determination and contribution to lunar exploration.

Sunita Williams

Sunita Lyn Williams, an American astronaut with Indian and Slovenian roots, boasts a remarkable record of seven spacewalks and 50 hours of spacewalk time. A flight engineer and commander on the International Space Station, Williams has left an enduring legacy in space exploration, inspiring women worldwide to pursue STEM careers.

Kalpana Chawla

Kalpana Chawla, a symbol of determination, became the first woman of Indian origin in space during the Space Shuttle Columbia’s STS-87 mission. Tragically, her promising journey ended in the Columbia disaster in 2003, leaving an indelible mark on the history of space exploration.

Rakesh Sharma

Rakesh Sharma, the first Indian citizen in space, made history aboard the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz T-11 in 1984. His iconic response about the view of India from space resonates as a symbol of national pride. Sharma’s legacy as an Indian Air Force pilot and astronaut continues to inspire generations, reflecting the enduring spirit of exploration in the cosmos.

Now, it’s time to understand…

How to become an astronaut in India?

Becoming an astronaut is a dream that captivates many individuals, and in India, the journey to space involves a strategic educational and experiential path. In this section, we will be covering the steps to become an astronaut, or you can what qualifications and requirements you need to fulfill to become an astronaut in India. 

Educational Path for Aspiring Astronauts in India

Bachelor’s Degree:

• Pursue a Bachelor’s or Engineering Degree in Aeronautics, Astrophysics, Aerospace, or related fields.
• Eligibility is based on STEM subjects in 12th grade, with entrance exams such as JEE Main or JEE Advanced for admissions.

Master’s and Research Level:

• For postgraduate studies, candidates with a Bachelor’s in STEM fields can apply.
• Admissions to PG courses are through national-level exams like GATE, and IIT JAM.
• Consider internships during study for practical exposure and knowledge enhancement.

Doctorate Degree:

• After completing PG courses, candidates can pursue a Ph.D.
• Admissions to Ph.D. programs are based on combined marks of previous exams, entrance tests, and interviews.

Becoming an Astronaut in ISRO

Basic Requirements:

• Indian citizenship is a prerequisite.
• ISRO traditionally selects pilots from the Indian Air Force.
• Future openings may consider a Bachelor’s degree in engineering, physics, mathematics, computer science, chemistry, or biology.

Language Skills:

• Proficiency in English is crucial for effective communication.
• Knowledge of additional languages, like Russian, is advantageous.

Experience and Qualities:

• Flying experience, especially for Indian Air Force pilots, is preferred.
• Strong psychological attributes such as observational skills, calmness under stress, and multitasking ability are essential.

Also, read: How to Become a Scientist in India! 

Becoming an Astronaut in NASA

U.S. Citizenship:

• Only U.S. citizens can apply.

Educational and Professional Requirements:

• A Master’s degree in a STEM field is mandatory.
• At least two years of related professional experience or 1,000 hours of pilot-in-command time on jet aircraft.

Selection Process:

• Application review, interviews, and rigorous training at NASA’s Johnson Space Center.

Becoming an Astronaut in SpaceX

Similar Requirements as NASA:

• U.S. citizenship is a prerequisite.
• Master’s degree in STEM fields and professional experience requirements.

SpaceX Operations in India:

• SpaceX’s subsidiary, SSCPL-Starlink Satellite Communications Pvt Ltd., operates in India.
• Indian citizens can apply for astronaut positions through SpaceX.

Thus, the career path to becoming an astronaut in India involves a strong foundation in STEM education, practical experience through internships, and specific qualifications depending on the space organization. As space exploration evolves, the dream of becoming an astronaut becomes more accessible to motivated individuals in India.

Skills Required to become an astronaut

Astronauts operate in challenging environments, requiring a combination of technical expertise, adaptability, and exceptional mental and physical capabilities. Here are some of the skills required to become an astronaut:

Educational Background

Astronauts typically hold degrees in STEM fields such as engineering, physics, mathematics, or biological sciences. Advanced degrees, especially in aerospace or aeronautical engineering, are often preferred.

Technical Proficiency

Astronauts must possess a high level of technical competence to operate complex spacecraft and handle scientific experiments. Proficiency in operating various systems and troubleshooting is crucial.

Physical Fitness

Excellent physical health is paramount for astronauts. Rigorous training, microgravity conditions, and spacewalks necessitate exceptional cardiovascular fitness, strength, and endurance.

Teamwork and Communication

Astronauts work closely in confined spaces, requiring strong teamwork and effective communication skills. The ability to collaborate under stress and communicate is vital for mission success.

Problem-Solving and Decision-Making

Astronauts encounter unforeseen challenges in space. The capability to quickly assess situations, problem-solve, and make decisive decisions is crucial for ensuring the safety of the crew and the success of the mission.

Psychological Resilience

Long-duration space missions demand psychological strength. Astronauts must cope with isolation, confined spaces, and the pressure of critical tasks. Emotional resilience, adaptability, and the ability to remain calm under stress are essential.

Becoming an astronaut requires a diverse skill set encompassing academic excellence, technical proficiency, physical fitness, effective communication, problem-solving, and psychological resilience. These skills collectively contribute to the success of space missions and the well-being of the astronaut team.

Career Scope of the astronaut profession 

The career scope of an astronaut is both demanding and diverse, encompassing a range of roles beyond space exploration. Aspiring astronauts undergo a rigorous selection process in the United States, including educational prerequisites, entrance exams, and stringent physical fitness requirements. Once selected, candidates undergo extensive training, including classroom learning, physical exercises, and simulations. However, the journey to space can take years, during which astronauts serve as backups and mission control communicators.

Preparation and Training

Astronauts maintain flight proficiency on T-38 aircraft, ensuring readiness for space missions. The comprehensive training spans various aspects, from spaceflight simulations and system orientation to everyday tasks like meal preparation, trash management, and equipment usage. This meticulous preparation equips astronauts for missions lasting from six months to several years.

Alternative Career Paths

Beyond space exploration, NASA and similar organizations worldwide offer diverse career opportunities. Space scientists find employment in ground-based observatories, R&D centers, military operations, and manufacturing industries. Opportunities also extend to the technology sector, where professionals contribute to spacecraft software development and simulation centers. Moreover, the emerging field of space tourism presents new avenues for astronauts to engage as operators.

Versatility in Industries

The education of a space scientist opens doors to various industries, including spacecraft manufacturing firms, telescope design, software development for space applications, and academic roles in universities. Additionally, opportunities exist in government observatories, science museums, and planetariums, contributing to public engagement and education.

In India, professionals can explore similar opportunities through organizations like ISRO, with recruitment facilitated by exams conducted by prestigious institutions like the IITs. The astronaut profession, with its multifaceted career scope, continues to captivate individuals passionate about exploring the vast realms of space and contributing to advancements in science and technology.

Read Also: How to Get a Job in ISRO

Salary of an astronaut 

The compensation for astronauts varies globally, with factors such as experience, organization, and country influencing their earnings. In India, astronauts receive an annual salary ranging from INR 12.20 L to 17.96 LPA, with organizations like ISRO, HAL, and DRDO offering different pay scales. ISRO pays an average annual salary of 15.61 L, while HAL and DRDO offer 13.83 L and 29.12 L, respectively. The salary increases with experience, with astronauts earning around 12.39 L in the initial 0-5 years, rising to 62 L for those with over 20 years of experience.

Designation also plays a crucial role in determining an astronaut’s salary, ranging from 4.69 L for a Scientist/Engineer-SD to 10.60 L for a Distinguished Scientist. Internationally, NASA stands out, offering an impressive 77.20 L annually, surpassing the salaries in Russia (51.43 L), the USA (50.82 L), Canada (50.67 L), Europe (37.70 L), and China (41.29 L).

Glassdoor reports an average monthly salary of INR 2,07,558 for astronauts, with the lowest monthly salary around INR 1,01,300. As astronauts gain experience, their annual earnings can reach as high as INR 78.20 LPA. Exceptional candidates working with NASA from India can command a remarkable INR 1.03 crores annually. The dynamic nature of astronaut salaries reflects the prestige and global demand for their specialized skills and contributions to space exploration.

Final Thoughts!

Aspiring astronauts must embark on a journey of unwavering determination and academic excellence. Candidates should prioritize gaining relevant experience through internships, research projects, and military service. Active involvement in physical fitness, coupled with strong communication and teamwork skills, enhances candidacy. 

Keeping abreast of advancements in space exploration and technology is crucial. Finally, applying to space agencies, such as NASA or ISRO, and persevering through rigorous selection processes paves the way to fulfilling the dream of soaring among the stars as a distinguished astronaut.

We hope you have all the information needed to make the right career decision! However, choosing the right career could be a daunting task for anyone! And that’s why we are here to help you. Understand what it takes and whether you have it in you. You can avail of iDreamCareer’s special services for that. 

We are here to assist you in making an informed decision about your future in this thriving field. Take advantage of iDreamCareer’s College & Course Selection Program today and embark on the path toward a successful future! 

FAQs