How to Become an Ophthalmologist in India? Know the Eligibility, Courses, Top Universities, Career Path, and Much More!

Have you ever been interested in checking your eye number? It does excite to read those words to see who your eyes are. Hearing that eyes are perfect is a treat in itself. While we all may have gone through this test, some of you might have been interested in giving this test to other people. Well, if this is you who wants to treat people’s eyes, then becoming an eye surgeon can be a good career option for you. But do you know they are called ophthalmologists? Kya, nahi ptaa tha kya?? Fir to ye bi ni ptaa hoga ki how to become an ophthalmologist? Interested in having your patients come to you for help with their eyes?

After completing class 12, individuals have a plethora of options in the field of ophthalmology. This branch offers diverse courses, catering to different educational backgrounds. Ophthalmology courses can be broadly classified into two categories – paramedical courses available after 10+2 and postgraduate specialization courses for MBBS graduates.

These courses, spanning Bachelor’s, PG Diploma, Master’s, and PhD levels, cover a comprehensive curriculum encompassing the structure, function, diseases, and treatments related to the eyes. While most courses are traditionally taught in offline classroom settings, certain diploma courses at the 10+2 level are accessible through distance learning.

For those pursuing UG Diploma courses, progression to UG Ophthalmology Courses is recommended, followed by potential enrollment in PG courses. MBBS graduates seeking specialization in Ophthalmology can opt for MD and MS courses, further enhancing their expertise in this ever-evolving field. In essence, the path to becoming an ophthalmologist is laden with opportunities for those committed to enhancing eye health.

Excited? Ready to invest this much time? Want to know more about how to become an ophthalmologist? Come along… 

But wait a second, let’s first understand…

Who is an ophthalmologist?

An Ophthalmologist is a specialized professional in the field of Ophthalmology, focusing on the identification and management of various eye conditions, injuries, and diseases. This expert may function as both a physician and a surgeon, responsible for diagnosing, prescribing medications, implementing laser therapy, and performing surgeries as necessary. 

Among the primary responsibilities of an Ophthalmologist is the provision of comprehensive eye care, including the diagnosis of vision-related issues and the accurate prescription of corrective eyeglasses. Additionally, these specialists address nervous disorders related to the eyes. Cataract surgery stands out as a prevalent surgical procedure performed by Ophthalmologists. Their role extends beyond mere prescription to encompass a holistic approach to eye health, ensuring the optimal well-being of their patients.

What does an ophthalmologist do?

Before understanding, how to become an ophthalmologist it is better to understand what you will be required to do while working as an ophthalmologist. Here are some of the roles and responsibilities:

• Conduct comprehensive visual system examinations to identify ocular disorders.
• Diagnose and treat various eye injuries, disorders, and diseases, including those affecting the cornea, sclera, conjunctiva, and eyelids.
• Communicate examination results to patients, their families, and collaborating physicians.
• Perform surgical procedures such as Phacoemulsification, Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS), and Corneal Collagen Crosslinking (C3R/ CXL).
• Adhere to patient safety policies within the department and provide postoperative care.
• Prescribe medications, administer treatments, and offer specialized medical care for illnesses, diseases, or injuries.
• Design and recommend preoperative treatments and procedures, including medications and preparation guidelines.
• Monitor and track patient progress while addressing concerns and answering questions.
• Guide nutrition, hygiene, and overall well-being.
• Stay updated on advancements in ophthalmic technologies and instruments.
• Foster positive relationships with fellow specialists and paramedics.
• Supervise, perform, or interpret tests and analyze medical records to diagnose patient conditions.
• Collect, record, and maintain comprehensive patient information, including medical history and examination results.

Don’t get confused with an optometrist. Ptaa hai na they both are different? How they are different from optometrists? 

How Ophthalmologists are different from optometrists? 

Ophthalmologists and optometrists are both eye care professionals, but they differ in their training, scope of practice, and the services they provide.

Ophthalmologists

• Medical doctors specializing in eye care.
• Perform eye surgeries, diagnose, and treat eye diseases.
• Prescribe medications and corrective lenses.
• Extensive medical training (4 years of medical school + 4 years of residency).

Optometrists

• Vision care specialists.
• Conduct eye exams, and prescribe glasses and contact lenses.
• Detect and manage common eye conditions.
• Doctor of Optometry (OD) degree (4 years after undergraduate studies).

Shared Responsibilities

• Both can provide general eye care, including routine exams.
• Collaborate for comprehensive eye health management.

In short, while optometrists focus on vision care and prescription, ophthalmologists have a broader medical scope, including surgical interventions and treating complex eye conditions.

Also, read: Career in Optometry 

Okay, now it’s time to explore what we are here how to become an ophthalmologist or….

Steps to become an ophthalmologist

Below is a step-by-step guide outlining the pathway to a rewarding career in ophthalmology.

1: Pursue a Bachelor’s Degree in Medicine (MBBS)

Commence the journey by completing a 10+2 education with a focus on English, Biology, Chemistry, and Physics. Success in medical entrance tests, like NEET, is crucial for admission to the 5.5-year MBBS program, inclusive of a mandatory one-year internship at a recognized medical institution.

2: Registration with the State Medical Council

Upon completing the MBBS and internship, aspiring ophthalmologists must register with the State Medical Council where they pursue their undergraduate studies.

3: Attain a Postgraduate Optometrist Degree (MS/MD/DNB)

Specialize in Ophthalmology for postgraduate studies, requiring successful performance in entrance tests for programs such as Doctor of Medicine (MD), Master of Surgery (MS), or Diplomate of National Board (DNB) in Ophthalmology. The postgraduate program typically spans three years.

4: Residency Training

Engage in an ophthalmology residency program during postgraduate studies, where seasoned professionals provide hands-on training in the diagnosis and management of various eye conditions.

5: Certification and Registration

Achieve certification by passing the DNB examination in Ophthalmology and subsequently register with both the National Board of Examinations and the State Medical Council.

6: Fellowship (Optional)

Consider pursuing a fellowship program for specialized training in areas such as pediatric ophthalmology, oculoplasty, glaucoma, retina, or external and corneal disorders. Fellowships typically extend for one to two years.

7: Continuing Medical Education (CME)

Stay abreast of the latest developments in ophthalmology through active participation in conferences, workshops, and CME programs, enhancing skills and knowledge.

8: Licensing and Practice

Upon completing education, training, and obtaining necessary certifications, apply for an ophthalmology license. This opens avenues for commencing private practice or contributing to public and private healthcare institutions.

This comprehensive journey ensures that aspiring ophthalmologists are well-equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary for a successful and fulfilling career in eye care.

Overview of ophthalmology courses after the 12^th 

Ophthalmology is a specialized field of medicine focused on the study and treatment of eye diseases. After completing the 12th grade, individuals can pursue various ophthalmology courses to embark on a career in this fascinating and vital medical field. Below is an overview of different ophthalmology courses available after the 12th grade:

Course	Description	Duration
MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery)	An undergraduate program encompassing comprehensive medical training, including ophthalmology.	5.5 years
MD (Doctor of Medicine)	A postgraduate degree providing in-depth training in the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases.	3-4 years
MS (Master of Surgery)	Another postgraduate option focuses on the surgical aspects of ophthalmology, offering advanced expertise in surgical interventions related to eye conditions.	3-4 years
Diploma in Ophthalmology	Shorter courses are designed for professionals already in the eye care field. This program is of 2 years, providing specialized knowledge in specific areas of ophthalmology.	2 years

The choice of an ophthalmology course depends on individual educational backgrounds, career aspirations, and specific residency program requirements. Each program equips students with the necessary skills to contribute to the field of eye care and address the diverse needs of patients with eye-related conditions.

Eligibility to pursue ophthalmology courses

Ophthalmology courses are highly specialized and require specific qualifications for admission. The eligibility criteria may vary among institutions, but there are common requirements that aspiring ophthalmologists should meet.

Bachelor’s Degree in Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) or Equivalent

• Completion of an MBBS program is a fundamental requirement.
• A 10+2 (or equivalent) with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology as compulsory subjects is mandatory for MBBS eligibility.
• Attainment of a minimum of 50% marks in the qualifying examination.

National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) Score

• A valid NEET score is often a prerequisite for admission to ophthalmology courses.
• Aspiring candidates must successfully clear the NEET exam, showcasing their aptitude in medical sciences.

MD (Doctor of Medicine) in Ophthalmology

• Candidates must possess an MBBS degree from a recognized medical university.
• A minimum of 55% marks in the MBBS program is required for MD eligibility.
• Successful passage of the NEET-PG exam is mandatory.

MS (Master of Surgery) in Ophthalmology

• Similar to MD eligibility, candidates need an MBBS degree from a recognized medical university.
• Attainment of a minimum of 55% marks in the MBBS program.
• Successful passage of the NEET-PG exam is a crucial requirement.

In a nutshell, meeting these eligibility criteria ensures that candidates possess the necessary academic foundation and skills to pursue ophthalmology courses, fostering a well-rounded approach to eye care education.

Skills required to become an ophthalmologist

Following are some of the skills required to become an ophthalmologist in India or we can say to start a career in ophthalmology:

Skill Category	Specific Skills	Description
Medical Knowledge	– Anatomy and Physiology	Understanding the structure and function of the eye
	– Pathology	Recognizing and diagnosing eye diseases and conditions
	– Pharmacology	Prescribing medications for eye-related issues
Clinical Skills	– Refraction	Determining the appropriate prescription for corrective lenses
	– Slit Lamp Examination	Examining the anterior and posterior segments of the eye
	– Fundoscopy	Evaluating the retina and optic nerve
	– Tonometry	Measuring intraocular pressure
Surgical Skills	– Cataract Surgery	Performing cataract removal and lens implantation
	– Laser Surgery	Using lasers for various eye procedures
	– Corneal Transplantation	Performing transplant surgeries for corneal disorders
Communication Skills	– Patient Communication	Explaining diagnoses, treatment options, and postoperative care
	– Interpersonal Skills	Building rapport with patients, colleagues, and staff
	– Team Collaboration	Working effectively with other healthcare professionals
Attention to Detail	– Precise Examination	Thoroughly assessing eye health and detecting subtle changes
	– Surgical Precision	Performing delicate eye surgeries with precision
Problem-Solving	– Diagnosing Eye Conditions	Analyzing symptoms, test results, and medical histories to diagnose issues
	– Treatment Planning	Developing comprehensive treatment plans for patients
Adaptability	– Keeping Up with Advancements	Staying current with new technologies and treatment methods
	– Handling Unexpected Situations	Adapting to unforeseen challenges during surgeries or exams
Empathy	– Patient Care	Demonstrating compassion and understanding towards patients
	– Counseling	Providing emotional support and addressing patient concerns
Time Management	– Patient Scheduling	Efficiently managing appointments and workflow
	– Surgical Planning	Organizing and optimizing time during surgical procedures

Top Indian Universities for Ophthalmology Courses

In this section, we will be exploring the top Indian universities from where you can start your career in ophthalmology: 

Name of the College	Location	Popular Courses
Christian Medical College	Ludhiana	MS Ophthalmology; PG Diploma in Ophthalmology
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College	Nagpur	MS Ophthalmology; PG Diploma in Ophthalmology
Manipal University	Manipal	MS Ophthalmology; PG Diploma in Ophthalmology
Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences	Ranchi	MS Ophthalmology
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research	Amritsar	MS Ophthalmology
Maharishi Markandeshwar University Mullana	Ambala	MS Ophthalmology
Shiksha O’ Anusandhan	Bhubaneswar	MS Ophthalmology
Banaras Hindu University	Varanasi	MS Ophthalmology; Ph.D. Ophthalmology
KJ Somaiya Medical College	Mumbai	MS Ophthalmology (DNB)
Dr. DY Patil Medical College Hospital & Research Centre	Pune	MS Ophthalmology; Ph.D. Ophthalmology

Need more help? Are you from Bangalore? Reach out to Career counselors in Bangalore

Job opportunities and salary after ophthalmology courses

After completing Ophthalmology courses, graduates can explore diverse job opportunities within the field. Ophthalmologists, as primary eye specialists, diagnose and treat various eye conditions, prescribing medications, and corrective spectacles. Their starting salary ranges from INR 6,00,000 to 8,00,000. Skills crucial for this role include in-depth knowledge of eye structures, diseases, surgery, and familiarity with eye examination equipment.

Ophthalmology Assistants, working alongside Ophthalmologists, engage in day-to-day tasks, and patient care, and assist in ophthalmic operations. Their starting salary is typically between INR 3,00,000 to 4,00,000, with essential skills including patient care, knowledge of eye medicines, and proficiency in ophthalmic techniques.

Optical Dispensers, based in optical centers, specialize in curating and fitting spectacles according to individual needs. Starting with a salary of INR 2,00,000, Optical Dispensers require expertise in optical measurement, lens designing, and dispensing.

Ophthalmology Technicians play a crucial role in executing ophthalmic techniques, either independently or in collaboration with Ophthalmologists. With a starting salary of INR 3,00,000 to 5,00,000, they need a profound understanding of ophthalmology techniques, strong communication skills, and effective patient handling.

Ophthalmology Nurses, tasked with caring for patients throughout eye operations, earn a starting salary of INR 3,00,000 to 5,00,000. Essential skills include knowledge of eye medicines, patient care, behavioral skills, basic eye structure understanding, and effective communication. These diverse roles offer fulfilling career paths for those completing Ophthalmology courses.

Still wonder why became an ophthalmologist. Okay, read the next section….

Scope of career in ophthalmology 

Ophthalmology in India offers a promising career path with a growing demand for eye care professionals. The country’s population, coupled with an aging demographic, contributes to an increased prevalence of eye disorders. 

Government initiatives, such as the National Program for Control of Blindness and Visual Impairment, further fuel the demand for skilled ophthalmologists. Private sector investments in eye care facilities and technological advancements contribute to a robust job market. Additionally, the rise in lifestyle-related eye conditions and an increased awareness of eye health among the populace create avenues for specialization.

Collaborations between medical institutions and industry players enhance training opportunities for aspiring ophthalmologists. Overall, the scope for an Ophthalmology career in India is promising, driven by a combination of demographic factors, healthcare initiatives, and advancements in the field.

Final Words!

A fulfilling career in ophthalmology involves a structured pathway, from pursuing a Bachelor’s degree in Medicine (MBBS) to specialized postgraduate studies and optional fellowships. Ophthalmologists play a crucial role in diagnosing and treating various eye conditions, including surgical interventions. Distinguishing them from optometrists, ophthalmologists undergo extensive medical training, ensuring a broader scope of practice. 

With a growing demand for eye care professionals in India, pursuing ophthalmology courses from reputable institutions opens doors to diverse career opportunities. The combination of demographic factors, government initiatives, and technological advancements makes the scope for an ophthalmology career promising in the evolving field of eye care.

We hope you have all the information needed to make the right career decision! However, choosing the right career could be a daunting task for anyone! And that’s why we are here to help you. Understand what it takes and whether you have it in you. You can avail of iDreamCareer’s special services for that. 

We are here to assist you in making an informed decision about your future in this thriving field. Take advantage of iDreamCareer’s College & Course Selection Program today and embark on the path toward a successful future! 

Related Links

1. Medical Courses After 10th
2. List of Medical Courses After 12th
3. Career in Optometry
4. Study MBBS Abroad

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